Managing Diverse Environments & Culture-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Origins and Background of Indra K. Nooyi and her Career trajectory in different levels of various Organizations. Answer: In todays competitive environment, the multinational companies give their strategies on how to have sustainability in their business operations, the competitive advantage they possess and also increase their levels of profits. The Pepsi CEO should be able to assess the competitors and also reassess each of the strategies and how the strategies have been met and if not, the strategy that can be replaced to meet the circumstances at hand, the new technology and the competitive situation and the new social, financial and political environment. The CEO should understand the five forces that shape industries, the markets and competition(David, 2013). The forces include: the bargaining power, threat of new entrants in the market, the threat of substitutes, and the intensity of the competition rivalry(David, 2013). Once the forces have been considered, the CEO should then examine the interrelation between the forces and then summarize them to give the company the best performance. The CEO should employ the cost leadership strategy whereby there is lower production cost per unit. The latter is aimed at gaining a larger market share than the competitors. The latter makes the price sensitive companies to shake and can at long run end up exiting the market(Lamb, 2014). When a firm needs to grow, it has to diversify its business operations. The Pepsi CEO can opt to diversify the current products for them to match the potential growth and also make sure the products meet the expected profits(Lamb, 2014). The CEO can opt to use either of the two strategies for diversification: the related and unrelated strategies. The CEO can also delegate his or her duties to the managers in subordinate level who operate in different branches(David, 2013). The latter will ensure that there is easy and faster decision making since the circle of information is shortened. The latter will yield more sells and also capture a larger market share(Lamb, 2014). Conclusion The growth of a firm is related to the size of the economy considering the processes that take place in the firm. For a firm to expand, it should be able to adapt to the business environment and also sustain its competitive advantage. Work cited David, F. R., 2013. Strategic Management.concepts and cases. s.l.:Pearson Education Limited. Lamb, R., 2014. Competitive Strategic Management. s.l.:Pearson Education Limited.

Pricing Strategies & Specialization-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.As a producer, why is it important to consider the Price Elasticity of Demand of your Product when setting the price you are going to charge? 2.Explain the difference between Comparative Advantage an Absolute Advantage. Answers: 1.Introduction In most cases, producers are faced with the challenge of deciding the right price to sell their products or services. Generally, the role of producers is to maximize revenues; this in turn raises the personal wealth. So the producer aim is to sell at the highest possible price in the market while still maintaining the same demand level. This is where the concept of Price Elasticity of Demand (PED) comes in; it explains the behavior of consumers to price changes (Konrad, 2012) we have noted that despite the need to sell at high prices, the producer is also interested in the quantity sold. Lower prices encourages demand and given a certain level of income, consumers will always tend to buy more at that reduced price. High price discourages demand and given a certain level of income, consumers will tend to cut consumption level since their income is insufficient. Analysis According to Agarwal (2017), PED is important as it helps a producer in making predictions of the possible change in the quantity demanded it the price is changed. It is also offer a good opportunity for a farmer to price discriminate. Since markets are different and consumers are of different groups, elasticity vary from market to market. In the event of analyzing the PED, the producer is able to identify all the factors that increase the elasticity of a product to price change. These factors includes the nature of the goods, availability of substitutes, etc. Graph: Elastic Demand Initially, the price level was P1, at this price, the demand by the consumers was Q1. Now let us assume that the producer raised his price from P1 to a price P2, consumers will immediately respond by significantly cutting demand for this product and maybe demand its substitute goods. This is because the good is not a necessity and thus the consumers can do without, or other goods can act as a substitute (Green, 2017). The deduction here is that demand is very responsive to demand and thus very elastic. If this is the kind of goods that a producer is selling, it therefore proofs very difficult to raise the price level. Graph: Inelastic Demand The changes in price from the initial price P1 has no much influence of the demanded quantity. The demand change is too small. A producer who raises price in this case is guaranteed to increased revenues as the percentage price increase causes demand to fall by only a small percentage (Gsenviro, 2015). Conclusion Demand and supply concept is very important in pricing strategy decisions. Demand and price have a negative relationship. Producers should use historical price levels and their corresponding demand level and determine their PED. In the case of a price change, the changes in demand may wipe out the possible positive changes in revenue. The producer should be aware that in some cases revenue may be increased by lowering prices, but not always by price increments. PED should be the primary basis for pricing strategy decisions. An elastic demand is good for a price cut and inelastic demand is good for a price rise. 2.Introduction The production ability is unique to different producers. Resources available for the production of a certain good may be available in one area but a deficiency in others. An investor may be able to do a certain task at a different speed compared to another on a similar task. This brings about the concept of absolute advantage. A higher efficiency of production explain the absolute advantage concept. On the other hand, an investor may undergo another investment to make a specific one. The foregone investment may be of value that the committed investment; this brings in the concept of comparative advantage (Amadeo, 2017). The difference is explained by the basis of which every advantage is drawn from. Analysis A party that produces a good at a lower cost or at a faster pace have an absolute advantage. In a comparison of two production activities for two parties, we may find that a single party may be having an absolute advantage in both (Shenkar, Luo Chi, 2014). However, if that party carries the two tasks simultaneously, the output from each may be lower. Thus, for the party to maximize profit, it may be advisable to specialize on only one of those two production tasks. This is explained by comparative advantage where the party chooses to specialize on the task it has the lowest opportunity cost (Boudreaux, 2008). Lets consider a certain equal piece of land in different parts of a country; we may find out that if similar crops are grown at the same time using the same resources, the output level may be different. While a portion of a land may be supportive for the growth of a particular crop it may be poor for some other crops. The absolute and comparative analysis are important in that they help investors in making wise decisions; an investor by using this basis is expected to specialize on the production of that good that is more profitable to him and then make an exchange for that that he never produced. If for example party A carries out task A he foregoes doing 3 task B, and if party B carries out task A he foregoes doing 4 task B, party A has the lowest opportunity cost and thus should specialize in A. Similarly, if party A carries out task B he foregoes doing 2 task A, and if party B carries out task B he foregoes doing 1/2 task A, party B has the lowest opportunity cost and thus should specialize in task B. Conclusion Even if a country have an absolute advantage in similar activities over the other, it can still benefit from trading with that other country. Because of absolute and comparative advantage, they is plentiful supply of goods and services all over the world. This has enabled international trading which is the main source of income for many economies. Efficiency and opportunity cost differences helps in specialization and exchange. Investors should consider comparative advantage in their investments; countries should consider it as it facilitates international trading. References Agarwal, P. (2017). Price Elasticity of Demand. Intelligent Economist. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://www.intelligenteconomist.com/price-elasticity-of-demand/. Amadeo, K. (2017). Comparative Advantage. The Balance. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/comparative-advantage-3305915. Boudreaux, D. (2008). Comparative Advantage. Econlib.org. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/ComparativeAdvantage.html. Green, J. (2017). Use of Elasticity of Demand in Business Management Problems. Smallbusiness.chron.com. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/use-elasticity-demand-business-management-problems-10523.html. Gsenviro. (2015). Why is price Elasticity of demand important to firms? ENotes. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-price-elasticity-demand-important-firms-493109. Konrad, T. (2012). The End of Elastic Oil. Forbes.com. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomkonrad/2012/01/26/the-end-of-elastic-oil/#478df50836d6. Shenkar, O., Luo, Y. Chi, T. (2014). International Business (3rd Ed). Routledge.

Sample Proposal Essay Topics

Sample Proposal Essay TopicsSample proposal essay topics are essential when you are in the process of writing a proposal for a business. The project manager will typically give you a range of topics to choose from. It is therefore important that you are aware of how these topics are constructed so that you can be sure that the topics you choose are not going to be unfairly biased towards one group or another.You will have a great deal of options when it comes to selecting project proposal essay topics. The topics can be chosen from a range of different areas such as social issues, technology, world affairs, general and politics. These topics can also include various types of research. At times you may find that the project manager will advise you on a particular topic that they believe you are a good candidate for.By keeping this in mind, you should be able to choose the different topic groups with which you are most comfortable. In fact, if you are working with an individual who has already written a proposal for you are having difficulty in deciding upon topics, you can ask for an example of one of their essays. This way you can see what the typical structure of their topic may look like.Many writers will provide you with a number of high quality examples to help you select topics for your proposal. There are many online sites that can provide you with examples that you can review for the writing style of the selected essay. You will be able to get some great ideas for how to structure a proposal. You can also access videos which can be helpful in helping you to structure your essay.When choosing a specific subject, it is important that you keep in mind how the topic relates to the business. If the business specializes in natural products or solutions to various problems, you should choose topics that relate to these subjects. However, if you are working with a general business, it is important that you select topics that relate to the types of products or se rvices that the business deals with.Keep in mind that if you are able to structure your writing so that it relates to a particular topic or type of product, you will be more likely to be successful in getting a better response. This is particularly important if the market of the particular topic is very competitive. You need to do all you can to attract the attention of potential clients. By choosing a topic that relates to a market that is competitive you may be able to land a better offer.To help you be able to write well and to be able to structure your topic, you may want to contact a business associate or even a client of the business to ask for some guidance or advice. This is a great way to get feedback and to learn from those who have already successfully written the proposal. It is also important to ensure that you meet deadlines that are required by the project manager. You can then write your proposal accordingly and keep track of your progress.The sample proposal essay t opics that you will be provided with are extremely valuable when it comes to learning how to structure the paper and when it comes to using specific language. Using a written proposal as a guide is ideal. This is important, because writing a proposal for a business is very time consuming and therefore there is a need to be as systematic as possible.

12 Terms for Tests and Related Expressions

12 Terms for Tests and Related Expressions 12 Terms for Tests and Related Expressions 12 Terms for Tests and Related Expressions By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between an acid test and a litmus test? Can you test-drive something that can’t be driven, or test-fire something that can’t be fired? Here are literal and figurative definitions of some phrases that include the word test. 1. Acid test: a chemical test used to distinguish gold from other metals; by analogy, a very important or intense test of character or performance 2. Alpha test: a test of an early version of a company’s software or hardware by company employees or by consultants 3. Beta test: a test of a beta, or revised, version of a company’s software or hardware by people outside the company (often, a sample of prospective customers) before it is finalized and generally released for sale 4. Litmus test: a test for acidity using litmus, an organic dye absorbed onto a medium called litmus paper that changes color when exposed to chemicals; by analogy, a test in which one component or factor determines the outcome, or the posing of a question whose answer indicates the respondent’s suitability, or lack thereof, for a position, or an action whose result determines whether one or more other actions should be taken 5. Test ban: a self-imposed prohibition of nuclear weapons testing by mutual agreement between two or more countries 6. Test bed: a vehicle used to test equipment; by analogy, any thing, place, or method for testing a product or an idea 7. Test board: a sample piece of cardboard or other packing material for testing strength or resistance to damage, or a console for testing electronics (also, an organization that administers academic examinations) 8. Test case: a legal or similar case pursued with the intent of establishing a precedent for similar decisions; by analogy, an action undertaken to determine the likely outcome for such actions 9. Test check: auditing of sample data (also, as a verb, test-check, to audit sample data) 10. Test drive: use of a vehicle to evaluate its performance; by analogy, evaluation of any device or of implementation of a policy or procedure (also, as a verb, test-drive, to test a vehicle or other device, or a policy or procedure) 11. Test fire: testing of a weapon to evaluate its performance (also called a firing test); by analogy, to introduce or launch a policy or product to determine how it will be received (as a verb, test-fire, to test a weapon or launch a policy or product) 12. Test market: a region or group selected for limited release of a product (also, as a verb, test-market, to make a product available on a limited basis to evaluate its appeal) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Cost-Effective vs. Cost-EfficientEnglish Grammar 101: Verb Mood20 Slang Terms for Law Enforcement Personnel

Why Creatures Shouldnt Read

Why Creatures Shouldnt Read Free Online Research Papers â€Å"I can hardly describe to you the effect of these books. They produced in me an infinity of new images and feelings, that sometimes raised me to ecstasy, but more frequently sunk me into the lowest dejection.† (Shelly 122). This quote is able to capture the essence of the books influence on the creature in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein. The four books that influence the creature are Sorrows of Young Werther, Paradise Lost, Plutarch’s Lives and Victor’s lab journal. The books teach the creature about love, human society and creation but mainly how he will never be able to have those things because he is perceived as a hideous monster. That is why the quote fits so well because he was â€Å"raised to ecstasy† by the great new feelings he learned but â€Å"sunk to low dejection† because he knew he could never have what he truly desired. The first book that the creature finds in the woods is Sorrows of Young Werther. Sorrows of Young Werther teaches the creature about love and how he will never be able to have love and also about the hardship of not having that love which he holds so dear. Sorrows of Werther is about a young artist who falls in love with a girl who is to be engaged. Werther is writing letters telling us of his deep lust for the girl but figures out he cant have her after this realization he must make a choice. Werther reasons that he must either kill himself the girl or the fiancà ©e he chooses himself. After reading this book the creature begins to â€Å"[apply] much personally to [his] own feelings and condition†(123). The creature begins to relate to Werther about his lust for a love that he can not have. Just like Werther who is not able to have his love because of the engagement the creature is not able to have love because he is perceived as a hideous monster. These thoughts and beliefs prompt the creature to tell Victor Frankenstein that he is â€Å"alone and miserable† and tells Victor that he must create a companion â€Å"of the same species and have the same defects†(139). Because he knows he cant have the love he lust for he forces Victor to create love because he learned that love is a basic human need from the Sorrows of Werther. In addition to the female companion the Sorrows of Werther are able to instill some of the hatred of the creature towards Victor because he made him so hideous and miserable. The Sorrows of Werther were able to instill a sense of both bleak alienation and intense self-questioning for the Creature. The second book the creature learns from is Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost teaches the creature about the relationship between creator and creation and about being an outcast in society. Paradise Lost is a story about creation of Adam and Eve and the Garden of Eden and all the good things. However the story is also about Satan and all of the bad things as well. The creature begins to relate to Adam in some ways like how he recognizes that he is the creation of Victor Frankenstein just like Adam is the creation of God. The creature begins to see that the similarities stop there and that Like Adam, [he] was apparently united by no link to any other human being[he] was wretched, helpless and alone. Many times [he] considered Satan as the fitter emblem of [his] condition (124). The creature then begins to see that because he is an outcast he is more like Satan. From these newly acquired beliefs the creature becomes more and more aggravated with Victor because he was not treated with dig nity like Adam but was thrown aside and shunned like Satan. This also helps to instill the lust for a mate because God gave Adam a mate like him so why can’t Victor give the creature a mate as well. Paradise Lost teaches the creature that he is an outcasted creation much like Satan and not like Adam. The third book that influences the creature is Plutarch’s Lives. Plutarch Lives teaches the creature about human society and the vicious nature of some of histories men. Plutarchs Lives is a series of biographies of famous men and of war from the ancient Greek and Roman time period. The creature believes that from this book he has learned â€Å"high thoughts† (123). He learned of â€Å"men concerned in public affairs, governing or massacring their species† (123). These show that he had begun to learn about society and the way that humans interact. He is also thinking of how he will never be able to participate in that because he will never be accepted into society because of his looks. He also began to start and plan the â€Å"war against the species† (121). The war against the species is his war against humans just like the leaders in ancient times that massacred their species. Plutarch’s Lives thought the creature about human society and the art o f war which he later used on the humans. The final book that influenced the creature was Victor Frankenstein journal from when he created the creature. From the journal the creature learns of how he was created and how much Victor loved him until the day the creature was â€Å"born†. The journal consists of all Frankenstein’s notes from when he was making the creature. The creature after he reads how Victor feels about him he gets angry and says â€Å"Accursed creator! Why did you form a monster so hideous that even you turned from me in disgust? God, in pity, made man beautiful and alluring, after his own image; but my form is a filthy type of yours, more horrid even from the very resemblance†(124-125). The creature has taken what he has learned from Paradise Lost and applied it to in how God created creature beautiful and in his own image but Frankenstein made a monster he didn’t even love. This made the creature become increasingly more lonely and enraged and Victor for what he has put him th rough. The creature has become so enraged that â€Å" [he] declared everlasting war against the species, and more than all, against [Frankenstein] who had formed [him] and sent [him] forth to this insupportable misery.† The rage from the books had built up so much in the creature that he began to kill to get even with Frankenstein who had put him through all of the troubles he has gone through. From Victor’s journal the creature is able to learn about his â€Å"birth† and become enraged and his creators abandonment. In conclusion the books influence the creature in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein in many ways. One way is that it teaches him about love, human society, creation and rejection. Another way that these books influence the creature is that they begin to instill many emotions in the creature because he is not able to have what he desires such as rage, revenge and dejection. The final way the four books that influence the creature is that it influences him to do many things, because he is unable to get the things he desires most, such as kill humans, desire another mate and wage war on the Frankenstein’s. The influence these books had on not only the creature but everyone the creature came into contact with is immeasurable but the influence these books had changed the lives of many of the characters in the book forever. Research Papers on Why Creatures Shouldn’t ReadMind TravelHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCapital PunishmentPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyWhere Wild and West Meet

Is Lesbianism A Sickness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is Lesbianism A Sickness - Essay Example Calling something a â€Å"mental illness† has, ever since psychology became a respectable science, has constituted an effective tool for smearing individual human beings with the label of â€Å"deviant† or â€Å"abnormal†. These â€Å"diagnoses† have, instead of promoting individual health and well-being, reinforced society’s biases and promoted oppression. Unfortunately, these kinds of attitudes and folk psychological notions of â€Å"mental illness† still remain, which leads some people (particularly lesbians) to remain safely in the closet. However, doing so poses a great risk to the psychology of the lesbian in question. Nevertheless, as Nanette Gartrell1 points out, â€Å"coming out of the closet† is the only way to resolve many of the problem that afflict lesbians who feel that silence is necessary for their jobs, homes, economic security, families, friends, or their children. Gartrell surveys the history of lesbianism by looking at its history of psychological evaluation. Like male homosexuality, it was treated as an â€Å"illness† or as a matter of abnormal psychology. While it is clear today that there is no physical basis for such a scientific conclusion, in previous times the science was made to reflect a value-based conclusion instead of a factual one. Freud, like in many of his examinations, created an elaborate explanation for lesbianism, using a series of his concepts. Likewise, Helene Deutsch explained lesbianism by looking at the phenomenon as a â€Å"perversion†, which is a patently anti-scientific inference. Criticism of this psychological methodology led to advances in the study of lesbianism from a psychological perspective, and thus a better understanding of the phenomenon itself. No longer were lesbians categorically seen as â€Å"perverse† by researchers: indifferent investigations could pursue the truth about the pl ace of lesbians relative to heterosexual women in the

MAE 102 Global Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MAE 102 Global Economic - Essay Example Information will be get from the following informational source http://data.worldbank.org/indicator. Question 1 First of all, we are going to consider such important economic indicator as GDP. This indicator for all the mentioned countries is provided in the table below. ... However, the gap between the degrees of GDP of both countries is quite high. The common feature between both countries is that they both suffered the global financial crisis quite well. Spain and Australia are almost similar in the terms of GDP. The last country in this group is Zimbabwe. In fact, it is an obvious fact, taking into account the recent economic problems in this country, about which we will say a few word below. Question 2 In order to evaluate the degree of social and economic development of a country it is important to evaluate not only an absolute level of GDP, but also such indicator as GDP per capita. This indicator for all the countries is provided below. Country Name Australia Brazil China Spain Zimbabwe 1998 21 364,21 4 980,99 820,86 15 126,43 522,11 1999 20 578,83 3 413,26 864,73 15 475,52 552,83 2000 21 708,04 3 696,15 949,18 14 413,79 534,79 2001 19 541,42 3 129,76 1 041,64 14 952,09 538,96 2002 20 100,99 2 812,33 1 135,45 16 611,71 503,03 2003 23 445,60 3 041 ,68 1 273,64 21 041,54 454,10 2004 30 375,83 3 609,88 1 490,38 24 468,75 460,84 2005 33 944,98 4 743,27 1 731,13 26 056,39 457,83 2006 35 986,07 5 793,40 2 069,34 28 024,75 434,48 2007 40 461,07 7 197,03 2 651,26 32 118,10 423,99 2008 49 232,97 8 628,95 3 413,59 34 977,39 354,63 2009 42 333,45 8 391,67 3 749,27 31 714,24 491,68 2010 51 628,60 10 992,94 4 433,36 29 956,16 591,29 2011 61 789,48 12 593,89 5 444,79 31 984,73 757,09 This table proposes the different picture. China now occupies the second place from the end, while Australia can be considered as the most economically developed country. In any case, the degree of well-being of its citizens is much higher than the same indicator of Chinese people. The main reason for it is of course the fact